Strychnine (free base) | CAS# 57-24-9 (free base) | analeptic

Strychnine (free base)
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WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

MedKoo CAT#: 412587

CAS#: 57-24-9 (free base)

Description: Strychnine (free base) is an alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. Strychnine is used as a rodenticide and a glycine receptor antagonist, which inhibits Renshaw cell-motor neuron synapse. It binds to the α subunit N-terminal region of the glycine receptor. The effect of strychnine is neutralized in the presence of glycine receptor agonist ivermectin. Strychnine also inhibits leukocyte motility.

Chemical Structure

Strychnine (free base)

CAS# 57-24-9 (free base)

Product data Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 412587
Name: Strychnine (free base)
CAS#: 57-24-9 (free base)
Chemical Formula: C21H22N2O2
Exact Mass: 334.17
Molecular Weight: 334.420
Elemental Analysis: C, 75.42; H, 6.63; N, 8.38; O, 9.57

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
5g	USD 290	Ready to ship
10g	USD 450	Ready to ship
25g	USD 950	2 Weeks
50g	USD 1650	2 Weeks
Bulk inquiry Welcome, Customer: Please do not inquire quote if your intended use is for a patient since our products are for research use and for chemical synthesis use, not for human use . For in-stock products, we listed price in the web page. You may inquire prices for which sizes were not listed. If no price is listed, this means the product is not in stock at the moment, which may be available via custom synthesis. For cost-effective reason, minimum order of 1g is requested (typically very expensive). The lead time is usually 2-4 months. Quote of less than 1g will not be provided. MedKoo may not offer quote for below reasons: (1) current available synthetic method appears to be extremely expensive which is obviously not affordable to most customers; (2) Key raw material to make the product is temporally not available; (3) DEA controlled substances; (4) the product is under patent protection in customer’s country.

Related CAS #: 1421-86-9 (HCl) 57-24-9 (free base) 60-41-3 (sulfate) 66-32-0 (nitrate)

Synonym: Strychnine; NSC5365; NSC-5365; NSC 5365;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: (4aR,4a1R,5aS,8aR,8a1S,15aS)-2,4a,4a1,5,5a,7,8,8a1,15,15a-decahydro-14H-4,6-methanoindolo[3,2,1-ij]oxepino[2,3,4-de]pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinolin-14-one

InChi Key: QMGVPVSNSZLJIA-FVWCLLPLSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C21H22N2O2/c24-18-10-16-19-13-9-17-21(6-7-22(17)11-12(13)5-8-25-16)14-3-1-2-4-15(14)23(18)20(19)21/h1-5,13,16-17,19-20H,6-11H2/t13-,16-,17-,19-,20-,21+/m0/s1

SMILES Code: O=C1C[C@@H]2OCC=C3CN4CC[C@@]56[C@@H]4C[C@@H]3[C@@H]2[C@@H]5N1c7c6cccc7

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: To be determined

Shelf Life: >3 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Product Data:

Product Data

Certificate of Analysis:

View CoA: current batch, Lot#T22C01I17

Safety Data Sheet (SDS):

View Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

Instruction:

View handling instruction

Biological target:	Strychnine is a glycine receptor antagonist not associated with the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor.
In vitro activity:	The results presented here show that the convulsive alkaloid strychnine reversibly inhibits different subtypes of muscle and neuronal AcChoRs in a noncompetitive manner and with different strengths. In conclusion, our results suggest that strychnine inhibits noncompetitively the function of AcChoRs by interacting at an external site of muscle AcChoRs and by blocking the ion channel in neuronal AcChoRs. Reference: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 30;96(7):4113-8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10097172/
In vivo activity:	Consistent with previous results demonstrating that lateral/basolateral amygdala neurons express functional strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors, microinjection of strychnine (0.5pmol or 167pg) directly into this brain region reduced ‘anxiety-like’ behaviors in two separate assays. Reference: Behav Brain Res. 2007 Mar 12;178(1):70-81. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17207866/

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 334.42 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:	1. Dudeck O, Lübben S, Eipper S, Knörle R, Kirsch M, Honegger J, Zentner J, Feuerstein TJ. Evidence for strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors in human amygdala. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;368(3):181-7. doi: 10.1007/s00210-003-0786-4. Epub 2003 Aug 16. PMID: 12923611. 2. García-Colunga J, Miledi R. Modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by strychnine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 30;96(7):4113-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.7.4113. PMID: 10097172; PMCID: PMC22429. 3. McCool BA, Chappell A. Strychnine and taurine modulation of amygdala-associated anxiety-like behavior is 'state' dependent. Behav Brain Res. 2007 Mar 12;178(1):70-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.12.002. Epub 2007 Jan 17. PMID: 17207866; PMCID: PMC1839829. 4. Roy NM, Arpie B, Lugo J, Linney E, Levin ED, Cerutti D. Brief embryonic strychnine exposure in zebrafish causes long-term adult behavioral impairment with indications of embryonic synaptic changes. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2012 Nov-Dec;34(6):587-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Aug 7. PMID: 23022260; PMCID: PMC4338986.
In vitro protocol:	1. Dudeck O, Lübben S, Eipper S, Knörle R, Kirsch M, Honegger J, Zentner J, Feuerstein TJ. Evidence for strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors in human amygdala. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;368(3):181-7. doi: 10.1007/s00210-003-0786-4. Epub 2003 Aug 16. PMID: 12923611. 2. García-Colunga J, Miledi R. Modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by strychnine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Mar 30;96(7):4113-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.7.4113. PMID: 10097172; PMCID: PMC22429.
In vivo protocol:	1. McCool BA, Chappell A. Strychnine and taurine modulation of amygdala-associated anxiety-like behavior is 'state' dependent. Behav Brain Res. 2007 Mar 12;178(1):70-81. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.12.002. Epub 2007 Jan 17. PMID: 17207866; PMCID: PMC1839829. 2. Roy NM, Arpie B, Lugo J, Linney E, Levin ED, Cerutti D. Brief embryonic strychnine exposure in zebrafish causes long-term adult behavioral impairment with indications of embryonic synaptic changes. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2012 Nov-Dec;34(6):587-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2012.08.001. Epub 2012 Aug 7. PMID: 23022260; PMCID: PMC4338986.

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1: Lee GS, Namkoong G, Park J, Chen DY. Total Synthesis of Strychnine. Chemistry. 2017 Nov 16;23(64):16189-16193. doi: 10.1002/chem.201704455. Epub 2017 Oct 25. PMID: 28940620.

2: Ball CM, Featherstone PJ. Pharmacological treatment of shock-strychnine. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2017 Jan;45(1):3-5. doi: 10.1177/0310057X1704500101. PMID: 28072928.

3: Flood RG. Strychnine poisoning. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1999 Aug;15(4):286-7. PMID: 10460090.

4: Zlotos DP, Mohsen AMY, Mandour YM, Marzouk MA, Breitinger U, Villmann C, Breitinger HG, Sotriffer C, Jensen AA, Holzgrabe U. 11-Aminostrychnine and N-(Strychnine-11-yl)propionamide: Synthesis, Configuration, and Pharmacological Evaluation at Glycine Receptors. J Nat Prod. 2019 Aug 23;82(8):2332-2336. doi: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00180. Epub 2019 Aug 6. PMID: 31385511.

5: Zheng H, Wang Z, Liu W, Jin H, Zhang J. Toxicokinetics of strychnine and brucine after the oral administration of Biqi capsule to rats by RRLC-MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr. 2018 Mar;32(3). doi: 10.1002/bmc.4117. Epub 2017 Nov 3. PMID: 29027676.

6: Jackson G, Diggle G. Strychnine-containing tonics. Br Med J. 1973 Apr 21;2(5859):176-7. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5859.176-b. PMID: 4699602; PMCID: PMC1589243.

7: Santhosh GJ, Joseph W, Thomas M. Strychnine poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India. 2003 Jul;51:739-40. PMID: 14621058.

8: Prat S, Hoizey G, Lefrancq T, Saint-Martin P. An unusual case of strychnine poisoning. J Forensic Sci. 2015 May;60(3):816-7. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12706. Epub 2015 Feb 20. PMID: 25702781.

9: Tomba G, Camilloni C, Vendruscolo M. Determination of the conformational states of strychnine in solution using NMR residual dipolar couplings in a tensor-free approach. Methods. 2018 Sep 15;148:4-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Jul 21. PMID: 30036639.

10: Beemelmanns C, Reissig HU. Strychnine as Target, Samarium Diiodide as Tool: A Personal Story. Chem Rec. 2015 Oct;15(5):872-85. doi: 10.1002/tcr.201500024. Epub 2015 Jul 29. PMID: 26223366.

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Strychnine (free base) featured