WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
MedKoo CAT#: 318300
CAS#: 389-08-2
Description: Nalidixic Acid is the first of the synthetic quinolone antibiotics. Nalidixic acid is effective primarily against gram-negative bacteria, with minor anti-gram-positive activity. In lower concentrations, it acts in a bacteriostatic manner; that is, it inhibits growth and reproduction. In higher concentrations, it is bactericidal, meaning that it kills bacteria instead of merely inhibiting their growth.
MedKoo Cat#: 318300
Name: Nalidixic Acid
CAS#: 389-08-2
Chemical Formula: C12H12N2O3
Exact Mass: 232.0848
Molecular Weight: 232.2353
Elemental Analysis: C, 62.06; H, 5.21; N, 12.06; O, 20.67
Synonym: Nalidixic Acid, Nevigramon, Neggram, Wintomylon, WIN 18,320
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 1-ethyl-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
InChi Key: MHWLWQUZZRMNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/C12H12N2O3/c1-3-14-6-9(12(16)17)10(15)8-5-4-7(2)13-11(8)14/h4-6H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,16,17)
SMILES Code: O=C(C1=CN(CC)C2=C(C=CC(C)=N2)C1=O)O
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
| Biological target: | Nalidixic acid, a quinolone antibiotic, is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. |
| In vitro activity: | Sodium nalidixate inhibited the cell growth and division of several respiratory competent strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Reference: Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Jul 5;146(1):95-100. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/785214/ |
| In vivo activity: | Nalidixic acid preferentially suppressed growth in soft agar of transformed Balb/3T3 mouse cells induced by methylcholanthrene. Nalidixic acid suppressed growth in soft agar of NIH/3T3 mouse cells transformed by an activated c-Ha-ras, without affecting the amount of ras p21 proteins as detected by an immunoblotting analysis using a monoclonal antibody. Reference: Br J Cancer. 1989 Dec;60(6):880-6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2690912/ |
| Solvent | Max Conc. mg/mL | Max Conc. mM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Solubility | |||
| DMSO | 6.0 | 25.84 | |
| Water | 5.0 | 21.53 |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 232.2353 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | 1. Chadha J, Khullar L. Subinhibitory concentrations of nalidixic acid alter bacterial physiology and induce anthropogenic resistance in a commensal strain of Escherichia coli in vitro. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2021 Nov;73(5):623-633. doi: 10.1111/lam.13550. Epub 2021 Aug 24. PMID: 34376018. 2. Carnevali F, Sarcoe LE, Whittaker PA. Differential effects of nalidixate on the cell growth of respiratory competent strains and cytoplasmic petite mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Jul 5;146(1):95-100. doi: 10.1007/BF00267988. PMID: 785214. 3. Kaneko M, Horikoshi J. Reversible suppression by nalidixic acid of anchorage-independent growth of mouse cells transformed by 3-methylcholanthrene or an activated c-Ha-ras gene. Br J Cancer. 1989 Dec;60(6):880-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1989.384. PMID: 2690912; PMCID: PMC2247252. 4. McQueen CA, Rosado RR, Williams GM. Effect of nalidixic acid on DNA repair in rat hepatocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Jun;5(2):201-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00122653. PMID: 2504447. |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Chadha J, Khullar L. Subinhibitory concentrations of nalidixic acid alter bacterial physiology and induce anthropogenic resistance in a commensal strain of Escherichia coli in vitro. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2021 Nov;73(5):623-633. doi: 10.1111/lam.13550. Epub 2021 Aug 24. PMID: 34376018. 2. Carnevali F, Sarcoe LE, Whittaker PA. Differential effects of nalidixate on the cell growth of respiratory competent strains and cytoplasmic petite mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Jul 5;146(1):95-100. doi: 10.1007/BF00267988. PMID: 785214. |
| In vivo protocol: | 1. Kaneko M, Horikoshi J. Reversible suppression by nalidixic acid of anchorage-independent growth of mouse cells transformed by 3-methylcholanthrene or an activated c-Ha-ras gene. Br J Cancer. 1989 Dec;60(6):880-6. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1989.384. PMID: 2690912; PMCID: PMC2247252. 2. McQueen CA, Rosado RR, Williams GM. Effect of nalidixic acid on DNA repair in rat hepatocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Jun;5(2):201-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00122653. PMID: 2504447. |
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