GNF-2
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MedKoo CAT#: 401473

CAS#: 778270-11-4

Description: GNF-2 is an allosteric inhibitor of Bcr-abl tyrosine kinase activity (IC50 = 267 nM); inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in Bcr-abl-expressing cells. Selective for Bcr-abl over a panel of serine, threonine and tyrosine kinases. Non-ATP-competitive.


Chemical Structure

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GNF-2
CAS# 778270-11-4

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 401473
Name: GNF-2
CAS#: 778270-11-4
Chemical Formula: C18H13F3N4O2
Exact Mass: 374.10
Molecular Weight: 374.323
Elemental Analysis: C, 57.76; H, 3.50; F, 15.23; N, 14.97; O, 8.55

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
50mg USD 450 2 Weeks
100mg USD 750
200mg USD 1350 2 Weeks
500mg USD 2850 2 Weeks
1g USD 4250 2 Weeks
2g USD 6450 2 Weeks
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Synonym: GNF2; GNF-2; GNF 2.

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 3-(6-((4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzamide

InChi Key: WEVYNIUIFUYDGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C18H13F3N4O2/c19-18(20,21)27-14-6-4-13(5-7-14)25-16-9-15(23-10-24-16)11-2-1-3-12(8-11)17(22)26/h1-10H,(H2,22,26)(H,23,24,25)

SMILES Code: O=C(N)C1=CC=CC(C2=NC=NC(NC3=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C3)=C2)=C1

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO, not in water

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:         

Product Data:
Biological target: GNF-2 is a highly selective, allosteric, non-ATP competitive inhibitor of Bcr-Abl. GNF-2 inhibits Ba/F3.p210 proliferation with an IC50 of 138 nM.
In vitro activity: Here, this study shows that the allosteric Abl kinase inhibitor GNF-2 interferes with dengue virus replication via activity mediated by cellular Abl kinases but additionally blocks viral entry via an Abl-independent mechanism. Biotin- and fluorophore-conjugated derivatives of GNF-2 interact with the dengue glycoprotein, E, in the pre-fusion conformation that exists on the virion surface, and that this interaction inhibits viral entry. This study establishes GNF-2 as an antiviral compound with polypharmacological activity and provides "lead" compounds for further optimization efforts. Reference: Cell Chem Biol. 2016 Apr 21;23(4):443-52. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27105280/
In vivo activity: The effect of GNF-2 on microglial activation was further tested in vivo using a mouse model of LPS-induced neuroinflammation. As shown in Figure 5A, GNF-2 treatment in the pre-treatment group started 24 h before LPS injection. The expression levels of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were significantly diminished following GNF-2 pre-treatment (Figure 5B,G). Similarly, GNF-2 pre-treatment significantly reduced the expression of TNF-α protein induced by LPS (Figure 5C,H). Upon LPS injection, a significant increase in the number of Iba-1-positive microglial cells was observed in the cortex of mice brain, where microglia displayed enhanced Iba-1 immunoreactivity with short and thick processes when compared to control mice (Figure 5E,J). Reference: Front Pharmacol. 2019 May 20;10:543. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31164822/

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
DMF 25.0 66.79
DMF:PBS (pH 7.2) (1:2) 0.3 0.80
DMSO 55.4 147.89
Ethanol 9.5 25.34

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 374.32 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: 1. Song GJ, Rahman MH, Jha MK, Gupta DP, Park SH, Kim JH, Lee SH, Lee IK, Sim T, Bae YC, Lee WH, Suk K. A Bcr-Abl Inhibitor GNF-2 Attenuates Inflammatory Activation of Glia and Chronic Pain. Front Pharmacol. 2019 May 20;10:543. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00543. PMID: 31164822; PMCID: PMC6535676. 2. Clark MJ, Miduturu C, Schmidt AG, Zhu X, Pitts JD, Wang J, Potisopon S, Zhang J, Wojciechowski A, Hann Chu JJ, Gray NS, Yang PL. GNF-2 Inhibits Dengue Virus by Targeting Abl Kinases and the Viral E Protein. Cell Chem Biol. 2016 Apr 21;23(4):443-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.03.010. PMID: 27105280; PMCID: PMC4865888.
In vitro protocol: 1. Song GJ, Rahman MH, Jha MK, Gupta DP, Park SH, Kim JH, Lee SH, Lee IK, Sim T, Bae YC, Lee WH, Suk K. A Bcr-Abl Inhibitor GNF-2 Attenuates Inflammatory Activation of Glia and Chronic Pain. Front Pharmacol. 2019 May 20;10:543. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00543. PMID: 31164822; PMCID: PMC6535676. 2. Clark MJ, Miduturu C, Schmidt AG, Zhu X, Pitts JD, Wang J, Potisopon S, Zhang J, Wojciechowski A, Hann Chu JJ, Gray NS, Yang PL. GNF-2 Inhibits Dengue Virus by Targeting Abl Kinases and the Viral E Protein. Cell Chem Biol. 2016 Apr 21;23(4):443-52. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2016.03.010. PMID: 27105280; PMCID: PMC4865888.
In vivo protocol: 1. Song GJ, Rahman MH, Jha MK, Gupta DP, Park SH, Kim JH, Lee SH, Lee IK, Sim T, Bae YC, Lee WH, Suk K. A Bcr-Abl Inhibitor GNF-2 Attenuates Inflammatory Activation of Glia and Chronic Pain. Front Pharmacol. 2019 May 20;10:543. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00543. PMID: 31164822; PMCID: PMC6535676.

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1: Fallacara AL, Tintori C, Radi M, Schenone S, Botta M. Insight into the allosteric inhibition of Abl kinase. J Chem Inf Model. 2014 May 27;54(5):1325-38. doi: 10.1021/ci500060k. Epub 2014 May 8. PubMed PMID: 24787133.

2: Chislock EM, Pendergast AM. Abl family kinases regulate endothelial barrier function in vitro and in mice. PLoS One. 2013 Dec 19;8(12):e85231. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085231. eCollection 2013. PubMed PMID: 24367707; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3868616.

3: Kim HJ, Yoon HJ, Choi JY, Lee IK, Kim SY. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor GNF-2 suppresses osteoclast formation and activity. J Leukoc Biol. 2014 Feb;95(2):337-45. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0713356. Epub 2013 Oct 15. PubMed PMID: 24130113.

4: Khateb M, Ruimi N, Khamisie H, Najajreh Y, Mian A, Metodieva A, Ruthardt M, Mahajna J. Overcoming Bcr-Abl T315I mutation by combination of GNF-2 and ATP competitors in an Abl-independent mechanism. BMC Cancer. 2012 Nov 27;12:563. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-563. PubMed PMID: 23186157; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3561207.

5: Greuber EK, Pendergast AM. Abl family kinases regulate FcγR-mediated phagocytosis in murine macrophages. J Immunol. 2012 Dec 1;189(11):5382-92. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200974. Epub 2012 Oct 24. PubMed PMID: 23100514; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3504141.

6: Mian AA, Metodieva A, Badura S, Khateb M, Ruimi N, Najajreh Y, Ottmann OG, Mahajna J, Ruthardt M. Allosteric inhibition enhances the efficacy of ABL kinase inhibitors to target unmutated BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL-T315I. BMC Cancer. 2012 Sep 17;12:411. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-411. PubMed PMID: 22985168; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3488316.

7: Wöhrle FU, Halbach S, Aumann K, Schwemmers S, Braun S, Auberger P, Schramek D, Penninger JM, Laßmann S, Werner M, Waller CF, Pahl HL, Zeiser R, Daly RJ, Brummer T. Gab2 signaling in chronic myeloid leukemia cells confers resistance to multiple Bcr-Abl inhibitors. Leukemia. 2013 Jan;27(1):118-29. doi: 10.1038/leu.2012.222. Epub 2012 Aug 3. PubMed PMID: 22858987.

8: Hantschel O. Allosteric BCR-ABL inhibitors in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: novel opportunities for drug combinations to overcome resistance. Haematologica. 2012 Feb;97(2):157-9. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2012.061812. PubMed PMID: 22298820; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3269471.

9: Mian AA, Metodieva A, Najajreh Y, Ottmann OG, Mahajna J, Ruthardt M. p185(BCR/ABL) has a lower sensitivity than p210(BCR/ABL) to the allosteric inhibitor GNF-2 in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphatic leukemia. Haematologica. 2012 Feb;97(2):251-7. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2011.047191. Epub 2011 Nov 4. PubMed PMID: 22058195; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3269486.

10: Huang WC, Tsai CC, Chen CL, Chen TY, Chen YP, Lin YS, Lu PJ, Lin CM, Wang SH, Tsao CW, Wang CY, Cheng YL, Hsieh CY, Tseng PC, Lin CF. Glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor PDMP sensitizes chronic myeloid leukemia T315I mutant to Bcr-Abl inhibitor and cooperatively induces glycogen synthase kinase-3-regulated apoptosis. FASEB J. 2011 Oct;25(10):3661-73. doi: 10.1096/fj.10-180190. Epub 2011 Jun 24. PubMed PMID: 21705667.

11: Yang J, Campobasso N, Biju MP, Fisher K, Pan XQ, Cottom J, Galbraith S, Ho T, Zhang H, Hong X, Ward P, Hofmann G, Siegfried B, Zappacosta F, Washio Y, Cao P, Qu J, Bertrand S, Wang DY, Head MS, Li H, Moores S, Lai Z, Johanson K, Burton G, Erickson-Miller C, Simpson G, Tummino P, Copeland RA, Oliff A. Discovery and characterization of a cell-permeable, small-molecule c-Abl kinase activator that binds to the myristoyl binding site. Chem Biol. 2011 Feb 25;18(2):177-86. doi: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2010.12.013. PubMed PMID: 21338916.

12: Kim DH, Sim T. Chemical kinomics: a powerful strategy for target deconvolution. BMB Rep. 2010 Nov;43(11):711-9. doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2010.43.11.711. Review. PubMed PMID: 21110913.

13: Hassan AQ, Sharma SV, Warmuth M. Allosteric inhibition of BCR-ABL. Cell Cycle. 2010 Sep 15;9(18):3710-4. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.18.13232. Epub 2010 Sep 3. Review. PubMed PMID: 20930519.

14: Deng X, Okram B, Ding Q, Zhang J, Choi Y, Adrián FJ, Wojciechowski A, Zhang G, Che J, Bursulaya B, Cowan-Jacob SW, Rummel G, Sim T, Gray NS. Expanding the diversity of allosteric bcr-abl inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2010 Oct 14;53(19):6934-46. doi: 10.1021/jm100555f. PubMed PMID: 20828158; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2951064.

15: Fabbro D, Manley PW, Jahnke W, Liebetanz J, Szyttenholm A, Fendrich G, Strauss A, Zhang J, Gray NS, Adrian F, Warmuth M, Pelle X, Grotzfeld R, Berst F, Marzinzik A, Cowan-Jacob SW, Furet P, Mestan J. Inhibitors of the Abl kinase directed at either the ATP- or myristate-binding site. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2010 Mar;1804(3):454-62. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2009.12.009. PubMed PMID: 20152788.

16: Zhang J, Adrián FJ, Jahnke W, Cowan-Jacob SW, Li AG, Iacob RE, Sim T, Powers J, Dierks C, Sun F, Guo GR, Ding Q, Okram B, Choi Y, Wojciechowski A, Deng X, Liu G, Fendrich G, Strauss A, Vajpai N, Grzesiek S, Tuntland T, Liu Y, Bursulaya B, Azam M, Manley PW, Engen JR, Daley GQ, Warmuth M, Gray NS. Targeting Bcr-Abl by combining allosteric with ATP-binding-site inhibitors. Nature. 2010 Jan 28;463(7280):501-6. doi: 10.1038/nature08675. Epub 2010 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 20072125; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2901986.

17: Mian AA, Oancea C, Zhao Z, Ottmann OG, Ruthardt M. Oligomerization inhibition, combined with allosteric inhibition, abrogates the transformation potential of T315I-positive BCR/ABL. Leukemia. 2009 Dec;23(12):2242-7. doi: 10.1038/leu.2009.194. Epub 2009 Oct 1. PubMed PMID: 19798092.

18: Choi Y, Seeliger MA, Panjarian SB, Kim H, Deng X, Sim T, Couch B, Koleske AJ, Smithgall TE, Gray NS. N-myristoylated c-Abl tyrosine kinase localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum upon binding to an allosteric inhibitor. J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 16;284(42):29005-14. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M109.026633. Epub 2009 Aug 13. PubMed PMID: 19679652; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2781447.

19: Ohren JF, Sebolt-Leopold JS. Inhibitors of Bcr-abl... breaking new ground again. Nat Chem Biol. 2006 Feb;2(2):63-4. PubMed PMID: 16421581.

20: Adrián FJ, Ding Q, Sim T, Velentza A, Sloan C, Liu Y, Zhang G, Hur W, Ding S, Manley P, Mestan J, Fabbro D, Gray NS. Allosteric inhibitors of Bcr-abl-dependent cell proliferation. Nat Chem Biol. 2006 Feb;2(2):95-102. Epub 2006 Jan 15. PubMed PMID: 16415863.