1-Hydroxyanthraquinone
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MedKoo CAT#: 463675

CAS#: 129-43-1

Description: 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone is an anthraquinone that has been found in Morinda officinalis and has genotoxic and carcinogenic activities. 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone increases the percentage of isolated rat hepatocytes undergoing unscheduled DNA synthesis, indicating genotoxic activity. Dietary administration of 1-hydroxyanthraquinone (1%) induces formation of cecum and colon adenocarcinomas, as well as hepatocellular carcinomas, in rats.


Chemical Structure

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1-Hydroxyanthraquinone
CAS# 129-43-1

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 463675
Name: 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone
CAS#: 129-43-1
Chemical Formula: C14H8O3
Exact Mass: 224.05
Molecular Weight: 224.215
Elemental Analysis: C, 75.00; H, 3.60; O, 21.41

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
1g USD 250 2 Weeks
5g USD 450 2 Weeks
10g USD 750 2 Weeks
25g USD 1450 2 Weeks
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Synonym: 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone; 1 Hydroxyanthraquinone; NSC 8640; NSC8640; NSC-8640;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 1-hydroxyanthracene-9,10-dione

InChi Key: BTLXPCBPYBNQNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C14H8O3/c15-11-7-3-6-10-12(11)14(17)9-5-2-1-4-8(9)13(10)16/h1-7,15H

SMILES Code: O=C1C2=C(C=CC=C2)C(C3=C1C=CC=C3O)=O

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 224.22 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

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1: Wang J, Qu Q, Liu X, Cui W, Yu F, Chen X, Xing X, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Bello- Onaghise G, Chen X, Li X, Li Y. 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone exhibited antibacterial activity by regulating glutamine synthetase of Staphylococcus xylosus as a virulence factor. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Mar;123:109779. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109779. Epub 2020 Jan 6. PMID: 31918211.

2: Yang HHW. Determination of Organic Impurities in Anthraquinone Color Additives D&C Violet No. 2 and D&C Green No. 6 by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. J AOAC Int. 2017 Jan 1;100(1):230-235. doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.16-0067. PMID: 28825549.

3: Ji AY, Jin QM, Zhang DJ, Zhu H, Su C, Duan XH, Bian L, Sun ZP, Ni YC, Zhang J, Yang Z, Yin ZQ. Novel 18F-Labeled 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone Derivatives for Necrotic Myocardium Imaging. ACS Med Chem Lett. 2016 Dec 28;8(2):191-195. doi: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00398. PMID: 28197310; PMCID: PMC5304286.

4: Wianowska D. Hydrolytical instability of hydroxyanthraquinone glycosides in pressurized liquid extraction. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014 May;406(13):3219-27. doi: 10.1007/s00216-014-7744-5. Epub 2014 Mar 22. PMID: 24652155; PMCID: PMC3992226.

5: Meng QX, Roubin RH, Hanrahan JR. Ethnopharmacological and bioactivity guided investigation of five TCM anticancer herbs. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 Jun 21;148(1):229-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.04.014. Epub 2013 Apr 23. PMID: 23623820.

6: Frackowiak A, Skibiński P, Gaweł W, Zaczyńska E, Czarny A, Gancarz R. Synthesis of glycoside derivatives of hydroxyanthraquinone with ability to dissolve and inhibit formation of crystals of calcium oxalate. Potential compounds in kidney stone therapy. Eur J Med Chem. 2010 Mar;45(3):1001-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.11.042. Epub 2009 Nov 26. PMID: 20005021.

7: Ee GC, Wen YP, Sukari MA, Go R, Lee HL. A new anthraquinone from Morinda citrifolia roots. Nat Prod Res. 2009;23(14):1322-9. doi: 10.1080/14786410902753138. PMID: 19735047.

8: Wang D, Li Y, Yang M, Han M. Decomposition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric aqueous droplets through sulfate anion radicals: an experimental and theoretical study. Sci Total Environ. 2008 Apr 1;393(1):64-71. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.11.036. Epub 2008 Jan 24. PMID: 18221771.

9: Kurihara R, Shiraishi F, Tanaka N, Hashimoto S. Presence and estrogenicity of anthracene derivatives in coastal Japanese waters. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2005 Aug;24(8):1984-93. doi: 10.1897/04-310r.1. PMID: 16152971.

10: Onose J, Imai T, Hasumura M, Cho YM, Hirose M. A new medium-term rat colon bioassay applying neoplastic lesions as endpoints for detection of carcinogenesis modifiers-validation with known modifiers. Cancer Lett. 2006 Feb 8;232(2):272-8. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2005.02.044. PMID: 15876482.

11: Cho SH, Huh H, Kim HM, Kim NJ, Kim SK. Infrared-visible and visible-visible double resonance spectroscopy of 1-hydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone-(H2O)n (n=1,2) complexes. J Chem Phys. 2005 Jan 15;122(3):34305. doi: 10.1063/1.1829991. Erratum in: J Chem Phys. 2005 Aug 1;123(5):059902. PMID: 15740199.

12: Butterworth BE, Mathre OB, Ballinger KE, Adalsteinsson O. Contamination is a frequent confounding factor in toxicology studies with anthraquinone and related compounds. Int J Toxicol. 2004;23(5):335-44. doi: 10.1080/10915810490517072. PMID: 15513832.

13: DelMedico A, Dodsworth ES, Lever AB, Pietro WJ. Electronic structure and spectra of linkage isomers of bis(bipyridine)(1,2-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinonato)ruthenium(ii) and their redox series. Inorg Chem. 2004 Apr 19;43(8):2654-71. doi: 10.1021/ic035370d. PMID: 15074984.

14: Suzui M, Sugie S, Mori H, Okuno M, Tanaka T, Moriwaki H. Different mutation status of the beta-catenin gene in carcinogen-induced colon, brain, and oral tumors in rats. Mol Carcinog. 2001 Dec;32(4):206-12. doi: 10.1002/mc.10014. PMID: 11746832.

15: Tanaka T, Kohno H, Murakami M, Shimada R, Kagami S. Colitis-related rat colon carcinogenesis induced by 1-hydroxy-anthraquinone and methylazoxymethanol acetate (Review). Oncol Rep. 2000 May-Jun;7(3):501-8. doi: 10.3892/or.7.3.501. PMID: 10767359.

16: Ali AM, Ismail NH, Mackeen MM, Yazan LS, Mohamed SM, Ho AS, Lajis NH. Antiviral, cyototoxic and antimicrobial activities of anthraquinones isolated from the roots of morinda elliptica. Pharm Biol. 2000;38(4):298-301. doi: 10.1076/1388-0209(200009)3841-AFT298. PMID: 21214480.

17: Suzui M, Ushijima T, Dashwood RH, Yoshimi N, Sugimura T, Mori H, Nagao M. Frequent mutations of the rat beta-catenin gene in colon cancers induced by methylazoxymethanol acetate plus 1-hydroxyanthraquinone. Mol Carcinog. 1999 Mar;24(3):232-7. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2744(199903)24:3<232::aid- mc10>3.0.co;2-m. PMID: 10204808.

18: Suzui M, Ushijima T, Yoshimi N, Nakagama H, Hara A, Sugimura T, Nagao M, Mori H. No involvement of APC gene mutations in ulcerative colitis-associated rat colon carcinogenesis induced by 1-hydroxyanthraquinone and methylazoxymethanol acetate. Mol Carcinog. 1997 Dec;20(4):389-93. PMID: 9433483.

19: Yoshimi N, Ino N, Suzui M, Tanaka T, Nakashima S, Nakamura M, Nozawa Y, Mori H. The mRNA overexpression of inflammatory enzymes, phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase, in the large bowel mucosa and neoplasms of F344 rats treated with naturally occurring carcinogen, 1-hydroxyanthraquinone. Cancer Lett. 1995 Oct 20;97(1):75-82. doi: 10.1016/0304-3835(95)03966-z. PMID: 7585482.

20: Hao NJ, Huang MP, Lee H. Structure-activity relationships of anthraquinones as inhibitors of 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and mutagenicity of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline. Mutat Res. 1995 May;328(2):183-91. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00003-2. PMID: 7739602.