Tyrothricin | CAS#1404-88-2 | antimicrobial

Tyrothricin
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WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

MedKoo CAT#: 461336

CAS#: 1404-88-2

Description: Tyrothricin is an antimicrobial peptide combination produced by Bacillus brevis consisting of gramicidins and tyrocidins commands broad antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria and some yeasts in vitro.

Chemical Structure

Tyrothricin

CAS# 1404-88-2

Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 461336
Name: Tyrothricin
CAS#: 1404-88-2
Chemical Formula: C65H85N11O13
Exact Mass: 1,227.63
Molecular Weight: 1,228.450
Elemental Analysis: C, 63.55; H, 6.97; N, 12.54; O, 16.93

Price and Availability

Size	Price	Availability
5mg	USD 350	2 Weeks
10mg	USD 750	2 Weeks
25mg	USD 1250	2 Weeks
Bulk inquiry Welcome, Customer: Please do not inquire quote if your intended use is for a patient since our products are for research use and for chemical synthesis use, not for human use . For in-stock products, we listed price in the web page. You may inquire prices for which sizes were not listed. If no price is listed, this means the product is not in stock at the moment, which may be available via custom synthesis. For cost-effective reason, minimum order of 1g is requested (typically very expensive). The lead time is usually 2-4 months. Quote of less than 1g will not be provided. MedKoo may not offer quote for below reasons: (1) current available synthetic method appears to be extremely expensive which is obviously not affordable to most customers; (2) Key raw material to make the product is temporally not available; (3) DEA controlled substances; (4) the product is under patent protection in customer’s country.

Synonym: Tyrothricin; Bactratycin; Coltirot; Dermotricine; Ginotricina; Hydrotricine; Martricin; Tyrex; Solutricine;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: 3-((3S,6R,8S,11S,13S,16S,19S,22S,25R,30aS)-8-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-19-(3-aminopropyl)-3,6,25-tribenzyl-13-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-22-isobutyl-16-isopropyl-1,4,7,10,14,17,20,23,26-nonaoxotriacontahydropyrrolo[2,1-f][1,4,7,10,13,16,19,22,25]nonaazacyclooctacosin-11-yl)propanoic acid

InChi Key: NLJVXZFCYKWXLH-DXTIXLATSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C65H85N11O13/c1-38(2)32-49-60(84)74-52(36-42-20-12-7-13-21-42)65(89)76-31-15-23-53(76)63(87)73-51(34-41-18-10-6-11-19-41)61(85)70-47(33-40-16-8-5-9-17-40)57(81)48(37-54(67)78)71-59(83)46(28-29-55(79)80)68-50(35-43-24-26-44(77)27-25-43)62(86)75-56(39(3)4)64(88)69-45(22-14-30-66)58(82)72-49/h5-13,16-21,24-27,38-39,45-53,56,68,77H,14-15,22-23,28-37,66H2,1-4H3,(H2,67,78)(H,69,88)(H,70,85)(H,71,83)(H,72,82)(H,73,87)(H,74,84)(H,75,86)(H,79,80)/t45-,46-,47+,48-,49-,50-,51-,52+,53-,56-/m0/s1

SMILES Code: O=C(O)CC[C@@H](C(N[C@H]1CC(N)=O)=O)N[C@@H](CC2=CC=C(O)C=C2)C(N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(N[C@@H](CCCN)C(N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(N[C@H](CC3=CC=CC=C3)C(N4[C@](CCC4)([H])C(N[C@@H](CC5=CC=CC=C5)C(N[C@H](CC6=CC=CC=C6)C1=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O)=O

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >3 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.03.00

More Info:

Instruction:

View handling instruction

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 1,228.45 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg
1 mM	1.15 mL	5.76 mL	11.51 mL
5 mM	0.23 mL	1.15 mL	2.3 mL
10 mM	0.12 mL	0.58 mL	1.15 mL
50 mM	0.02 mL	0.12 mL	0.23 mL

Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

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1: Stauss-Grabo M, Atiye S, Le T, Kretschmar M. Decade-long use of the antimicrobial peptide combination tyrothricin does not pose a major risk of acquired resistance with gram-positive bacteria and Candida spp. Pharmazie. 2014 Nov;69(11):838-41. PubMed PMID: 25985581.

2: Vosloo JA, Stander MA, Leussa AN, Spathelf BM, Rautenbach M. Manipulation of the tyrothricin production profile of Bacillus aneurinolyticus. Microbiology. 2013 Oct;159(Pt 10):2200-11. doi: 10.1099/mic.0.068734-0. Epub 2013 Aug 20. PubMed PMID: 23963303.

3: Richter C, Trojahn C, Hillmann K, Dobos G, Stroux A, Kottner J, Blume-Peytavi U. Reduction of Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Lesions with Topical Tyrothricin 0.1% in the Treatment of Mild to Severe Acne Papulopustulosa: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2016;29(1):1-8. doi: 10.1159/000439439. Epub 2015 Oct 13. PubMed PMID: 26458265.

4: Wigger-Alberti W, Stauss-Grabo M, Grigo K, Atiye S, Williams R, Korting HC. Efficacy of a tyrothricin-containing wound gel in an abrasive wound model for superficial wounds. Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2013;26(1):52-6. doi: 10.1159/000343907. Epub 2012 Nov 24. PubMed PMID: 23183356.

5: Kim JY, Jun JH, Kim SJ, Hwang KM, Choi SR, Han SD, Son MW, Park ES. Wound healing efficacy of a chitosan-based film-forming gel containing tyrothricin in various rat wound models. Arch Pharm Res. 2015 Feb;38(2):229-38. doi: 10.1007/s12272-014-0368-7. Epub 2014 Apr 10. PubMed PMID: 24715576.

6: Lang C, Staiger C. Tyrothricin--An underrated agent for the treatment of bacterial skin infections and superficial wounds? Pharmazie. 2016 Jun;71(6):299-305. Review. PubMed PMID: 27455547.

7: Han SD, Sung HJ, Lee GH, Jun JH, Son M, Kang MJ. Chitosan-Based Film of Tyrothricin for Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity against Common Skin Pathogens Including Staphylococcus aureus. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 May 28;26(5):953-8. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1512.12037. PubMed PMID: 26907760.

8: Matula C, Nahler G, Kreuzig F. Salivary levels of gramicidin after use of a tyrothricin-containing gargle/mouth-wash and tyrothricin lozenges. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1988;8(4):259-61. PubMed PMID: 2460410.

9: Kreuzig F, Nahler G. Salivary levels of gramicidin after use of a tyrothricin lozenge and a tyrothricin gargle/mouth-wash. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1983;3(2):65-70. PubMed PMID: 6207119.

10: Bayerl C, Völp A. [Tyrothricin powder in the treatment of cutaneous lesions]. Pharmazie. 2004 Nov;59(11):864-8. German. PubMed PMID: 15587588.

11: Ruckdeschel G, Beaufort F, Nahler G, Belzer O. In vitro antibacterial activity of gramicidin and tyrothricin. Arzneimittelforschung. 1983;33(12):1620-2. PubMed PMID: 6199032.

12: Kretschmar M, Nichterlein T, Nebe CT, Hof H, Burger KJ. Fungicidal effect of tyrothricin on Candida albicans. Mycoses. 1996 Jan-Feb;39(1-2):45-50. PubMed PMID: 8786757.

13: LIND HE, SWANTON EM. The effect of prolonged use of a tyrothricin tooth paste on the tyrothricin resistance of oral microorganisms and their cross resistance to other antibiotics. Antibiot Chemother (Northfield). 1954 Nov;4(11):1161-6. PubMed PMID: 24543276.

14: FONG J, KRUEGER AP. The lytic action of tyrothricin and its derivatives on Staphylococcus aureus. J Gen Physiol. 1950 Mar;33(4):311-3. PubMed PMID: 15406368; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2147198.

15: Grossgebauer K, Hartmann D. [Antiviral activity of tyrothricin against Sendai virus in suspension tests (author's transl)]. Zentralbl Bakteriol Orig B. 1978 May;166(4-5):434-42. German. PubMed PMID: 207052.

16: Walsh CT. Insights into the chemical logic and enzymatic machinery of NRPS assembly lines. Nat Prod Rep. 2016 Feb;33(2):127-35. doi: 10.1039/c5np00035a. Review. PubMed PMID: 26175103.

17: CURRY JC. GRADIENT PLATE BIOASSAY FOR TYROTHRICIN AND ITS APPLICATION TO DENTIFRICES. Appl Microbiol. 1963 Nov;11:539-41. PubMed PMID: 14075054; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC1058046.

18: DARLING D, BAUMEISTER CF. Tyrothricin in the treatment of the common cold. Arch Otolaryngol. 1947 Sep;46(3):395-7. PubMed PMID: 20265716.

19: Kanof NB. Bacitracin and tyrothricin. Med Clin North Am. 1970 Sep;54(5):1291-3. Review. PubMed PMID: 4919152.

20: Honigsbaum M. Antibiotic antagonist: the curious career of René Dubos. Lancet. 2016 Jan 9;387(10014):118-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00840-5. Epub 2015 Nov 18. PubMed PMID: 26841989.

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