Ginsenoside Rd
featured

    WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

MedKoo CAT#: 540169

CAS#: 52705-93-8

Description: Ginsenoside Rd is a 26S proteasome inhibitor and TRPm7 antagonist found in species of Panax. It shifts cytokine production toward Th2 phenotype, increases expression of BDNF and NGF, prevents tau phosphorylation, and decreases infarct zie and mycotye apoptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion models.

Chemical Structure

img
Ginsenoside Rd
CAS# 52705-93-8
Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 540169
Name: Ginsenoside Rd
CAS#: 52705-93-8
Chemical Formula: C48H82O18
Exact Mass: 946.55
Molecular Weight: 947.160
Elemental Analysis: C, 60.87; H, 8.73; O, 30.40

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
5mg USD 250
10mg USD 450
Bulk inquiry

Synonym: Ginsenoside RD; Gypenoside VIII;

IUPAC/Chemical Name: (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-(((2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(((3S,8R,9R,10R,12R,13R,14R,17S)-12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-((S)-6-methyl-2-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hept-5-en-2-yl)hexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

InChi Key: RLDVZILFNVRJTL-VSFTYPLRSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C48H82O18/c1-22(2)10-9-14-48(8,66-42-39(60)36(57)33(54)26(20-50)62-42)23-11-16-47(7)31(23)24(52)18-29-45(5)15-13-30(44(3,4)28(45)12-17-46(29,47)6)64-43-40(37(58)34(55)27(21-51)63-43)65-41-38(59)35(56)32(53)25(19-49)61-41/h10,23-43,49-60H,9,11-21H2,1-8H3/t23-,24+,25+,26+,27+,28?,29+,30-,31-,32+,33+,34+,35-,36-,37-,38+,39+,40+,41-,42-,43-,45-,46+,47+,48-/m0/s1

SMILES Code: O[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O1)O)[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O2)O)O)O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]3CC[C@]4(C)[C@@]5([H])C[C@@H](O)[C@]6([H])[C@@H]([C@@](C)(O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O7)O)O)O)CC/C=C(C)\C)CC[C@](C)6[C@@](C)5CCC4C3(C)C

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Biological target:
In vitro activity:
In vivo activity:

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 947.16 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol:
In vitro protocol:
In vivo protocol:

Molarity Calculator

Calculate the mass, volume, or concentration required for a solution.
=
x
x
g/mol

*When preparing stock solutions always use the batch-specific molecular weight of the product found on the vial label and SDS / CoA (available online).

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

=
÷

Dilution Calculator

Calculate the dilution required to prepare a stock solution.
x
=
x

1: Nabavi SF, Sureda A, Habtemariam S, Nabavi SM. Ginsenoside Rd and ischemic stroke; a short review of literatures. J Ginseng Res. 2015 Oct;39(4):299-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Feb 23. Review. PubMed PMID: 26869821; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4593783.

2: Zhu D, Liu M, Yang Y, Ma L, Jiang Y, Zhou L, Huang Q, Pi R, Chen X. Ginsenoside Rd ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice. J Neurosci Res. 2014 Sep;92(9):1217-26. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23397. Epub 2014 May 2. PubMed PMID: 24798871.

3: Wang B, Zhu Q, Man X, Guo L, Hao L. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits apoptosis following spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res. 2014 Sep 15;9(18):1678-87. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.141802. PubMed PMID: 25374589; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4211188.

4: Li W, Wang Z, Gu Jian, Chen L, Hou W, Jin Y, Wang Y. Bioconversion of ginsenoside Rd to ginsenoside M1 by snailase hydrolysis and its enhancement effect on insulin secretion in vitro. Pharmazie. 2015 May;70(5):340-6. PubMed PMID: 26062305.

5: Liu XY, Zhou XY, Hou JC, Zhu H, Wang Z, Liu JX, Zheng YQ. Ginsenoside Rd promotes neurogenesis in rat brain after transient focal cerebral ischemia via activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2015 Apr;36(4):421-8. doi: 10.1038/aps.2014.156. Epub 2015 Mar 16. PubMed PMID: 25832422; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4387301.

6: Shin KC, Lee GW, Oh DK. Production of ginsenoside Rd from ginsenoside Rc by α-L-arabinofuranosidase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Apr;23(4):483-8. PubMed PMID: 23568202.

7: Kim KA, Yoo HH, Gu W, Yu DH, Jin MJ, Choi HL, Yuan K, Guerin-Deremaux L, Kim DH. Effect of a soluble prebiotic fiber, NUTRIOSE, on the absorption of ginsenoside Rd in rats orally administered ginseng. J Ginseng Res. 2014 Jul;38(3):203-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2014.03.003. Epub 2014 Apr 21. PubMed PMID: 25378995; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4213839.

8: Xie J, Zhao D, Zhao L, Pei J, Xiao W, Ding G, Wang Z, Xu J. Characterization of a novel arabinose-tolerant α-L-arabinofuranosidase with high ginsenoside Rc to ginsenoside Rd bioconversion productivity. J Appl Microbiol. 2016 Mar;120(3):647-60. doi: 10.1111/jam.13040. Epub 2016 Feb 9. PubMed PMID: 26725313.

9: Zhou JS, Wang JF, He BR, Cui YS, Fang XY, Ni JL, Chen J, Wang KZ. Ginsenoside Rd attenuates mitochondrial permeability transition and cytochrome C release in isolated spinal cord mitochondria: involvement of kinase-mediated pathways. Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jun 3;15(6):9859-77. doi: 10.3390/ijms15069859. PubMed PMID: 24897022; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4100126.

10: Lin F, Guo X, Lu W. Efficient biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 to Rd by isolated Aspergillus versicolor, excreting β-glucosidase in the spore production phase of solid culture. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2015 Nov;108(5):1117-27. doi: 10.1007/s10482-015-0565-5. Epub 2015 Sep 15. PubMed PMID: 26373416.

11: Zhang X, Shi M, Ye R, Wang W, Liu X, Zhang G, Han J, Zhang Y, Wang B, Zhao J, Hui J, Xiong L, Zhao G. Ginsenoside Rd attenuates tau protein phosphorylation via the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β pathway after transient forebrain ischemia. Neurochem Res. 2014 Jul;39(7):1363-73. doi: 10.1007/s11064-014-1321-3. Epub 2014 May 3. PubMed PMID: 24792734.

12: Li Z, Li JJ, Gu LJ, Zhang DL, Wang YB, Sung CK. Ginsenosides Rb₁ and Rd regulate proliferation of mature keratinocytes through induction of p63 expression in hair follicles. Phytother Res. 2013 Jul;27(7):1095-101. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4828. Epub 2012 Sep 25. PubMed PMID: 23007914.

13: Kim YJ, Yamabe N, Choi P, Lee JW, Ham J, Kang KS. Efficient thermal deglycosylation of ginsenoside Rd and its contribution to the improved anticancer activity of ginseng. J Agric Food Chem. 2013 Sep 25;61(38):9185-91. doi: 10.1021/jf402774d. Epub 2013 Sep 10. PubMed PMID: 23984628.

14: Kim WK, Song SY, Oh WK, Kaewsuwan S, Tran TL, Kim WS, Sung JH. Wound-healing effect of ginsenoside Rd from leaves of Panax ginseng via cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 Feb 28;702(1-3):285-93. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.01.048. Epub 2013 Feb 8. PubMed PMID: 23399764.

15: Li L, Liu Z, Liu J, Tai X, Hu X, Liu X, Wu Z, Zhang G, Shi M, Zhao G. Ginsenoside Rd attenuates beta-amyloid-induced tau phosphorylation by altering the functional balance of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta and protein phosphatase 2A. Neurobiol Dis. 2013 Jun;54:320-8. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 13. PubMed PMID: 23321003.

16: Liu J, Yan X, Li L, Li Y, Zhou L, Zhang X, Hu X, Zhao G. Ginsenoside Rd Improves Learning and Memory Ability in APP Transgenic Mice. J Mol Neurosci. 2015 Dec;57(4):522-8. doi: 10.1007/s12031-015-0632-4. Epub 2015 Sep 10. PubMed PMID: 26358038.

17: Park MK, Cui CH, Park SC, Park SK, Kim JK, Jung MS, Jung SC, Kim SC, Im WT. Characterization of recombinant β-glucosidase from Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus and biotransformation of ginsenosides Rb1, Rb 2, Rc, and Rd. J Microbiol. 2014 May;52(5):399-406. doi: 10.1007/s12275-014-3601-7. Epub 2014 May 9. PubMed PMID: 24810319.

18: Zhang YX, Wang L, Xiao EL, Li SJ, Chen JJ, Gao B, Min GN, Wang ZP, Wu YJ. Ginsenoside-Rd exhibits anti-inflammatory activities through elevation of antioxidant enzyme activities and inhibition of JNK and ERK activation in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 Dec;17(4):1094-100. PubMed PMID: 24455777.

19: Liu JF, Yan XD, Qi LS, Li L, Hu GY, Li P, Zhao G. Ginsenoside Rd attenuates Aβ25-35-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Chem Biol Interact. 2015 Sep 5;239:12-8. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.030. Epub 2015 Jun 22. PubMed PMID: 26111763.

20: Kim DH, Chung JH, Yoon JS, Ha YM, Bae S, Lee EK, Jung KJ, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kim MK, Chung HY. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits the expressions of iNOS and COX-2 by suppressing NF-κB in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and mouse liver. J Ginseng Res. 2013 Mar;37(1):54-63. doi: 10.5142/jgr.2013.37.54. PubMed PMID: 23717157; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3659628.