WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.
MedKoo CAT#: 540153
CAS#: 180200-66-2 (sesquihydrate)
Description: Gatifloxacin sesquihydrate is a bacterial DNA gyrase inhibitor used to treat tuberculosis and pneumonia.
MedKoo Cat#: 540153
Name: Gatifloxacin sesquihydrate
CAS#: 180200-66-2 (sesquihydrate)
Chemical Formula: C38H50F2N6O11
Exact Mass:
Molecular Weight: 804.8458
Elemental Analysis: C, 56.71; H, 6.26; F, 4.72; N, 10.44; O, 21.87
Related CAS #: 112811-59-3 (free base) 180200-66-2 (sesquihydrate) 316819-28-0 (mesyalate) 404858-36-2 (hemihydrate)
Synonym: Gatifloxacin; Gatifloxacin sesquihydrate
IUPAC/Chemical Name: 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid sesquihydrate
InChi Key: RMJMZKDEVNTXHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code: InChI=1S/2C19H22FN3O4.3H2O/c2*1-10-8-22(6-5-21-10)16-14(20)7-12-15(18(16)27-2)23(11-3-4-11)9-13(17(12)24)19(25)26;;;/h2*7,9-11,21H,3-6,8H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26);3*1H2
SMILES Code: CC1CN(c(c(F)cc23)c(OC)c2n(C4CC4)cc(C(O)=O)c3=O)CCN1.CC5CN(c(c(F)cc67)c(OC)c6n(C8CC8)cc(C(O)=O)c7=O)CCN5.O.O.O
Appearance: Solid powder
Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).
Solubility: Soluble in DMSO
Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly
Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO
Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).
HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001
| Biological target: | Gatifloxacin sesquihydrate inhibits bacterial type II topoisomerases (IC50=13.8 μg/ml for S. aureus topoisomerase IV) and E. coli DNA gyrase (IC50 = 0.109 μg/ml). |
| In vitro activity: | In this study, gatifloxacin showed a higher inhibitory activity against S. aureus topoisomerase IV (IC50 = 13.8 μg/ml) and E. coli DNA gyrase (IC50 = 0.109 μg/ml) than did the other quinolones tested, except for clinafloxacin and ciprofloxacin (Table 1). Reference: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Oct;42(10):2678-81. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9756776/ |
| In vivo activity: | Gatifloxacin at 100 mg/kg maintained plasma levels over the MIC of N. brasiliensis HUJEG-1 (0.25 μg/ml) for more than 4 h, reaching a maximum concentration in serum of 18 μg/ml (Fig. 1). Linezolid at 25 mg/kg also kept concentrations above the MIC (0.12 μg/ml) for more than 4 h, with a maximum concentration in serum of 50 μg/ml. Given these results, this study decided to use gatifloxacin at 100 mg/kg three times daily, injected subcutaneously, and linezolid also three times per day at 25 mg/kg. In Fig. 2, the effect of gatifloxacin on the development of the lesions is shown. The animals showed a decrease in the number of lesions, comparable to the effect of linezolid. Reference: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Apr;52(4):1549-50. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18285484/ |
The following data is based on the product molecular weight 804.8458 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.
| Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 mM | 1.15 mL | 5.76 mL | 11.51 mL |
| 5 mM | 0.23 mL | 1.15 mL | 2.3 mL |
| 10 mM | 0.12 mL | 0.58 mL | 1.15 mL |
| 50 mM | 0.02 mL | 0.12 mL | 0.23 mL |
| Formulation protocol: | 1. Takei M, Fukuda H, Yasue T, Hosaka M, Oomori Y. Inhibitory activities of gatifloxacin (AM-1155), a newly developed fluoroquinolone, against bacterial and mammalian type II topoisomerases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Oct;42(10):2678-81. doi: 10.1128/AAC.42.10.2678. PMID: 9756776; PMCID: PMC105918. 2. Fukuda H, Hori S, Hiramatsu K. Antibacterial activity of gatifloxacin (AM-1155, CG5501, BMS-206584), a newly developed fluoroquinolone, against sequentially acquired quinolone-resistant mutants and the norA transformant of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Aug;42(8):1917-22. doi: 10.1128/AAC.42.8.1917. PMID: 9687384; PMCID: PMC105710. 3. Daw-Garza A, Welsh O, Said-Fernández S, Lozano-Garza HG, Waksman de Torres N, Rocha NC, Ocampo-Candiani J, Vera Cabrera L. In vivo therapeutic effect of gatifloxacin on BALB/c mice infected with Nocardia brasiliensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Apr;52(4):1549-50. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00148-08. Epub 2008 Feb 19. PMID: 18285484; PMCID: PMC2292517. 4. Ambrose PG, Forrest A, Craig WA, Rubino CM, Bhavnani SM, Drusano GL, Heine HS. Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of gatifloxacin in a lethal murine Bacillus anthracis inhalation infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Dec;51(12):4351-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00251-07. Epub 2007 Sep 17. PMID: 17875992; PMCID: PMC2167989. |
| In vitro protocol: | 1. Takei M, Fukuda H, Yasue T, Hosaka M, Oomori Y. Inhibitory activities of gatifloxacin (AM-1155), a newly developed fluoroquinolone, against bacterial and mammalian type II topoisomerases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Oct;42(10):2678-81. doi: 10.1128/AAC.42.10.2678. PMID: 9756776; PMCID: PMC105918. 2. Fukuda H, Hori S, Hiramatsu K. Antibacterial activity of gatifloxacin (AM-1155, CG5501, BMS-206584), a newly developed fluoroquinolone, against sequentially acquired quinolone-resistant mutants and the norA transformant of Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1998 Aug;42(8):1917-22. doi: 10.1128/AAC.42.8.1917. PMID: 9687384; PMCID: PMC105710. |
| In vivo protocol: | 1. Daw-Garza A, Welsh O, Said-Fernández S, Lozano-Garza HG, Waksman de Torres N, Rocha NC, Ocampo-Candiani J, Vera Cabrera L. In vivo therapeutic effect of gatifloxacin on BALB/c mice infected with Nocardia brasiliensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008 Apr;52(4):1549-50. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00148-08. Epub 2008 Feb 19. PMID: 18285484; PMCID: PMC2292517. 2. Ambrose PG, Forrest A, Craig WA, Rubino CM, Bhavnani SM, Drusano GL, Heine HS. Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of gatifloxacin in a lethal murine Bacillus anthracis inhalation infection model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 Dec;51(12):4351-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00251-07. Epub 2007 Sep 17. PMID: 17875992; PMCID: PMC2167989. |
1: Khurana G, Arora S, Pawar PK. Ocular insert for sustained delivery of gatifloxacin sesquihydrate: Preparation and evaluations. Int J Pharm Investig. 2012 Apr;2(2):70-7. doi: 10.4103/2230-973X.100040. PubMed PMID: 23119235; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3482768.
2: Gilhotra RM, Mishra DN. Alginate-chitosan film for ocular drug delivery: effect of surface cross-linking on film properties and characterization. Pharmazie. 2008 Aug;63(8):576-9. PubMed PMID: 18771005.
3: Wells MY, Krinke GJ. Cerebral vacuolation induced in rats by the administration of LUP-3FDC, an anti-tuberculosis cocktail. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Apr;59(6):365-72. doi: 10.1016/j.etp.2007.11.006. Epub 2008 Jan 25. PubMed PMID: 18222073.
