PNU-282987 free base
new
featured

    WARNING: This product is for research use only, not for human or veterinary use.

MedKoo CAT#: 526029

CAS#: 711085-63-1 (free base)

Description: PNU-282987 is a highly selective α7 nAChR agonist (Ki = 26 nM) displaying negligible blockade of α1β1γδ and α3β4 nAChRs (IC50 ≥ 60 μM). PNU-282987 is inactive against a panel of 32 receptors at 1 μM, except 5-HT3 receptors (Ki = 930 nM).

Chemical Structure

img
PNU-282987 free base
CAS# 711085-63-1 (free base)
Product data Instruction

Theoretical Analysis

MedKoo Cat#: 526029
Name: PNU-282987 free base
CAS#: 711085-63-1 (free base)
Chemical Formula: C14H17ClN2O
Exact Mass: 264.10
Molecular Weight: 264.753
Elemental Analysis: C, 63.51; H, 6.47; Cl, 13.39; N, 10.58; O, 6.04

Price and Availability

Size Price Availability Quantity
50mg USD 450 2 Weeks
100mg USD 750 2 Weeks
200mg USD 1350 2 Weeks
500mg USD 2850 2 Weeks
1g USD 3850 2 Weeks
2g USD 6450 2 Weeks
Bulk inquiry

Related CAS #: 711085-63-1 (free base)   123464-89-1 (HCl)    

Synonym: PNU-282987; PNU 282987; PNU282987.

IUPAC/Chemical Name: Benzamide, N-(3R)-1-azabicyclo(2.2.2)oct-3-yl-4-chloro-

InChi Key: WECKJONDRAUFDD-ZDUSSCGKSA-N

InChi Code: InChI=1S/C14H17ClN2O/c15-12-3-1-11(2-4-12)14(18)16-13-9-17-7-5-10(13)6-8-17/h1-4,10,13H,5-9H2,(H,16,18)/t13-/m0/s1

SMILES Code: O=C(N[C@H]1CN2CCC1CC2)C3=CC=C(Cl)C=C3

Appearance: Solid powder

Purity: >98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)

Shipping Condition: Shipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.

Storage Condition: Dry, dark and at 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks) or -20 C for long term (months to years).

Solubility: Soluble in DMSO

Shelf Life: >2 years if stored properly

Drug Formulation: This drug may be formulated in DMSO

Stock Solution Storage: 0 - 4 C for short term (days to weeks), or -20 C for long term (months).

HS Tariff Code: 2934.99.9001

More Info:

Product Data:
Product Data
Instruction:
View handling instruction
Biological target: PNU-282987 is a highly selective α7 nAChR agonist (Ki = 26 nM).
In vitro activity: In the present study, using pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockout of α7nAChR, this study assessed the antiapoptotic effects of an α7nAChR agonist PNU-282987 in primary cultured astrocytes treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). PNU-282987 promoted the viability of astrocytes, alleviated MPP+ induced apoptosis, and decreased the number of GFAP+/TUNEL+ cells. Meanwhile, PNU-282987 upregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and downregulated the expression of the apoptotic protein Bax and cleaved-caspase-3. Moreover, the suppression of the JNK-p53-caspase-3 signaling may underlie the neuroprotective property of PNU-282987. Therefore, PNU-282987 ameliorates astroglial apoptosis induced by MPP+ through α7nAChR-JNK-p53 signaling. Reference: Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Nov 12;13:507. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31780901/
In vivo activity: Amphetamine-induced sensory gating deficit, determined by auditory-evoked potentials in hippocampal CA3 region, was restored by systemic administration of PNU-282987 in chloral hydrate-anesthetized rats. Auditory gating of rat reticular thalamic neurons was also disrupted by amphetamine; however, PNU-282987 normalized gating deficit only in a subset of tested neurons (6 of 11). Furthermore, PNU-282987 improved the inherent hippocampal gating deficit occurring in a subpopulation of anesthetized rats, and enhanced amphetamine-induced hippocampal oscillation. This study proposes that the alpha7 nAChR agonist PNU-282987, via modulating/enhancing hippocampal GABAergic neurotransmission, improves auditory gating and enhances hippocampal oscillatory activity. Reference: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Mar;312(3):1213-22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15523001/

Solubility Data

Solvent Max Conc. mg/mL Max Conc. mM
Solubility
PBS (pH 7.2) 5.0 18.89

Preparing Stock Solutions

The following data is based on the product molecular weight 264.75 Batch specific molecular weights may vary from batch to batch due to the degree of hydration, which will affect the solvent volumes required to prepare stock solutions.

Recalculate based on batch purity %
Concentration / Solvent Volume / Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.15 mL 5.76 mL 11.51 mL
5 mM 0.23 mL 1.15 mL 2.3 mL
10 mM 0.12 mL 0.58 mL 1.15 mL
50 mM 0.02 mL 0.12 mL 0.23 mL
Formulation protocol: 1. Zhang Y, Ma R, Wang W, Deng Q, Cao C, Yu C, Li S, Shi L, Tian J. Activation of α7nAChR by PNU282987 improves cognitive impairment through inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in D-galactose induced aging via regulating α7nAChR/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Exp Gerontol. 2023 May;175:112139. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112139. Epub 2023 Mar 10. PMID: 36898594. 2. Hua Y, Yang B, Chen Q, Zhang J, Hu J, Fan Y. Activation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Protects Against 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium-Induced Astroglial Apoptosis. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Nov 12;13:507. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00507. PMID: 31780901; PMCID: PMC6861188. 3. Spitsbergen JB, Webster SE, Linn CL. Functional Changes in the Adult Mouse Retina using an Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist after Blast Exposure. Neuroscience. 2023 Feb 21;512:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.12.017. Epub 2022 Dec 24. PMID: 36572172. 4. Hajós M, Hurst RS, Hoffmann WE, Krause M, Wall TM, Higdon NR, Groppi VE. The selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 [N-[(3R)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride] enhances GABAergic synaptic activity in brain slices and restores auditory gating deficits in anesthetized rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Mar;312(3):1213-22. doi: 10.1124/jpet.104.076968. Epub 2004 Nov 2. PMID: 15523001.
In vitro protocol: 1. Zhang Y, Ma R, Wang W, Deng Q, Cao C, Yu C, Li S, Shi L, Tian J. Activation of α7nAChR by PNU282987 improves cognitive impairment through inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in D-galactose induced aging via regulating α7nAChR/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Exp Gerontol. 2023 May;175:112139. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112139. Epub 2023 Mar 10. PMID: 36898594. 2. Hua Y, Yang B, Chen Q, Zhang J, Hu J, Fan Y. Activation of α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Protects Against 1-Methyl-4-Phenylpyridinium-Induced Astroglial Apoptosis. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019 Nov 12;13:507. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00507. PMID: 31780901; PMCID: PMC6861188.
In vivo protocol: 1. Spitsbergen JB, Webster SE, Linn CL. Functional Changes in the Adult Mouse Retina using an Alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist after Blast Exposure. Neuroscience. 2023 Feb 21;512:1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.12.017. Epub 2022 Dec 24. PMID: 36572172. 2. Hajós M, Hurst RS, Hoffmann WE, Krause M, Wall TM, Higdon NR, Groppi VE. The selective alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist PNU-282987 [N-[(3R)-1-Azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-3-yl]-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride] enhances GABAergic synaptic activity in brain slices and restores auditory gating deficits in anesthetized rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Mar;312(3):1213-22. doi: 10.1124/jpet.104.076968. Epub 2004 Nov 2. PMID: 15523001.

Molarity Calculator

Calculate the mass, volume, or concentration required for a solution.
=
x
x
g/mol

*When preparing stock solutions always use the batch-specific molecular weight of the product found on the vial label and SDS / CoA (available online).

Reconstitution Calculator

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

=
÷

Dilution Calculator

Calculate the dilution required to prepare a stock solution.
x
=
x

1: Ge J, Tian J, Yang H, Hou L, Wang Z, He Z, Wang X. ALPHA7 Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist PNU-282987 Attenuates Acute Lung Injury in a Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model in Rats. Shock. 2016 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27661000.

2: Ibrahim AbdEl Fattah L, Zickri MB, Aal LA, Heikal O, Osama E. The Effect of Thymoquinone, α7 Receptor Agonist and α7 Receptor Allosteric Modulator on the Cerebral Cortex in Experimentally Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to MSCs Activation. Int J Stem Cells. 2016 Aug 31. doi: 10.15283/ijsc16021. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27572711.

3: Chen L, Liu DH, Zhang X, Zhang EH, Liu C, Su DF, Cai GJ. Baroreflex deficiency aggravates atherosclerosis via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in mice. Vascul Pharmacol. 2016 Aug 25. pii: S1537-1891(15)30116-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.08.008. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27568460.

4: Fernandes CE, Serafim KR, Gianlorenço AC, Mattioli R. Cholinergic agonist reverses H1-induced memory deficit in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Aug 12;72:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.08.007. PubMed PMID: 27528108.

5: Silva RC, Terra FF, Guise YF, Prado MA, Prado VF, Hiyane MI, Costa Malheiros DM, Prado CM, Camara NO, Braga TT. Reduced expression of VAChT increases renal fibrosis. Pathophysiology. 2016 Sep;23(3):229-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Aug 10. PubMed PMID: 27524473.

6: Stoiljkovic M, Kelley C, Nagy D, Leventhal L, Hajós M. Selective activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors augments hippocampal oscillations. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Nov;110(Pt A):102-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Jul 12. PubMed PMID: 27422408.

7: Li DJ, Huang F, Ni M, Fu H, Zhang LS, Shen FM. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Relieves Angiotensin II-Induced Senescence in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Raising Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent SIRT1 Activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016 Aug;36(8):1566-76. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307157. Epub 2016 Jun 23. PubMed PMID: 27339462.

8: Zanetti SR, Ziblat A, Torres NI, Zwirner NW, Bouzat C. Expression and Functional Role of α7 Nicotinic Receptor in Human Cytokine-stimulated Natural Killer (NK) Cells. J Biol Chem. 2016 Aug 5;291(32):16541-52. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.710574. Epub 2016 Jun 9. PubMed PMID: 27284006; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4974370.

9: King JR, Kabbani N. Alpha 7 nicotinic receptor coupling to heterotrimeric G proteins modulates RhoA activation, cytoskeletal motility, and structural growth. J Neurochem. 2016 Aug;138(4):532-45. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13660. Epub 2016 Jun 10. PubMed PMID: 27167578.

10: He Y, Ye ZQ, Li X, Zhu GS, Liu Y, Yao WF, Luo GJ. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation attenuated intestine-derived acute lung injury. J Surg Res. 2016 Apr;201(2):258-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.10.046. Epub 2015 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 27020805.

11: Dash PK, Zhao J, Kobori N, Redell JB, Hylin MJ, Hood KN, Moore AN. Activation of Alpha 7 Cholinergic Nicotinic Receptors Reduce Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability following Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurosci. 2016 Mar 2;36(9):2809-18. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3197-15.2016. PubMed PMID: 26937017; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4879217.

12: Udakis M, Wright VL, Wonnacott S, Bailey CP. Integration of inhibitory and excitatory effects of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the prelimbic cortex regulates network activity and plasticity. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Jun;105:618-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.02.028. Epub 2016 Feb 24. PubMed PMID: 26921769; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4881417.

13: Vicens P, Heredia L, Torrente M, Domingo JL. Behavioural effects of PNU-282987 and stress in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Psychogeriatrics. 2016 Jan 27. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12189. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26817787.

14: Ma F, Gong F, Lv J, Gao J, Ma J. Effects of a7nAChR agonist on the tissue estrogen receptor expression of castrated rats. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct 1;8(10):13421-5. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26722551; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4680496.

15: Miyauchi M, Neugebauer NM, Oyamada Y, Meltzer HY. Nicotinic receptors and lurasidone-mediated reversal of phencyclidine-induced deficit in novel object recognition. Behav Brain Res. 2016 Mar 15;301:204-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.044. Epub 2015 Oct 28. PubMed PMID: 26519556.

16: Engel O, Akyüz L, da Costa Goncalves AC, Winek K, Dames C, Thielke M, Herold S, Böttcher C, Priller J, Volk HD, Dirnagl U, Meisel C, Meisel A. Cholinergic Pathway Suppresses Pulmonary Innate Immunity Facilitating Pneumonia After Stroke. Stroke. 2015 Nov;46(11):3232-40. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.008989. Epub 2015 Oct 8. PubMed PMID: 26451017.

17: Freitas KC, Carroll FI, Negus SS. Effects of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists in assays of acute pain-stimulated and pain-depressed behaviors in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015 Nov;355(2):341-50. doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.226803. PubMed PMID: 26359313; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4613961.

18: McLean SL, Grayson B, Marsh S, Zarroug SH, Harte MK, Neill JC. Nicotinic α7 and α4β2 agonists enhance the formation and retrieval of recognition memory: Potential mechanisms for cognitive performance enhancement in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Behav Brain Res. 2016 Apr 1;302:73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.08.037. Epub 2015 Aug 30. PubMed PMID: 26327238.

19: Jeong JK, Park SY. Neuroprotective effect of cellular prion protein (PrPC) is related with activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR)-mediated autophagy flux. Oncotarget. 2015 Sep 22;6(28):24660-74. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4953. PubMed PMID: 26295309; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4694786.

20: Mata D, Linn DM, Linn CL. Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection induced by activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuropharmacology. 2015 Dec;99:337-46. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.036. Epub 2015 Jul 31. PubMed PMID: 26239818; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4655168. 1: Ge J, Tian J, Yang H, Hou L, Wang Z, He Z, Wang X. ALPHA7 Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist PNU-282987 Attenuates Acute Lung Injury in a Cardiopulmonary Bypass Model in Rats. Shock. 2016 Sep 22. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27661000.

2: Ibrahim AbdEl Fattah L, Zickri MB, Aal LA, Heikal O, Osama E. The Effect of Thymoquinone, α7 Receptor Agonist and α7 Receptor Allosteric Modulator on the Cerebral Cortex in Experimentally Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Relation to MSCs Activation. Int J Stem Cells. 2016 Aug 31. doi: 10.15283/ijsc16021. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27572711.

3: Chen L, Liu DH, Zhang X, Zhang EH, Liu C, Su DF, Cai GJ. Baroreflex deficiency aggravates atherosclerosis via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in mice. Vascul Pharmacol. 2016 Aug 25. pii: S1537-1891(15)30116-6. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.08.008. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 27568460.

4: Fernandes CE, Serafim KR, Gianlorenço AC, Mattioli R. Cholinergic agonist reverses H1-induced memory deficit in mice. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2016 Aug 12;72:16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.08.007. PubMed PMID: 27528108.

5: Silva RC, Terra FF, Guise YF, Prado MA, Prado VF, Hiyane MI, Costa Malheiros DM, Prado CM, Camara NO, Braga TT. Reduced expression of VAChT increases renal fibrosis. Pathophysiology. 2016 Sep;23(3):229-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2016.07.002. Epub 2016 Aug 10. PubMed PMID: 27524473.

6: Stoiljkovic M, Kelley C, Nagy D, Leventhal L, Hajós M. Selective activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors augments hippocampal oscillations. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Nov;110(Pt A):102-8. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.07.010. Epub 2016 Jul 12. PubMed PMID: 27422408.

7: Li DJ, Huang F, Ni M, Fu H, Zhang LS, Shen FM. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Relieves Angiotensin II-Induced Senescence in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by Raising Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent SIRT1 Activity. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2016 Aug;36(8):1566-76. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.116.307157. Epub 2016 Jun 23. PubMed PMID: 27339462.

8: Zanetti SR, Ziblat A, Torres NI, Zwirner NW, Bouzat C. Expression and Functional Role of α7 Nicotinic Receptor in Human Cytokine-stimulated Natural Killer (NK) Cells. J Biol Chem. 2016 Aug 5;291(32):16541-52. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.710574. Epub 2016 Jun 9. PubMed PMID: 27284006; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4974370.

9: King JR, Kabbani N. Alpha 7 nicotinic receptor coupling to heterotrimeric G proteins modulates RhoA activation, cytoskeletal motility, and structural growth. J Neurochem. 2016 Aug;138(4):532-45. doi: 10.1111/jnc.13660. Epub 2016 Jun 10. PubMed PMID: 27167578.

10: He Y, Ye ZQ, Li X, Zhu GS, Liu Y, Yao WF, Luo GJ. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation attenuated intestine-derived acute lung injury. J Surg Res. 2016 Apr;201(2):258-65. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.10.046. Epub 2015 Nov 6. PubMed PMID: 27020805.

11: Dash PK, Zhao J, Kobori N, Redell JB, Hylin MJ, Hood KN, Moore AN. Activation of Alpha 7 Cholinergic Nicotinic Receptors Reduce Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability following Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurosci. 2016 Mar 2;36(9):2809-18. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3197-15.2016. PubMed PMID: 26937017; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4879217.

12: Udakis M, Wright VL, Wonnacott S, Bailey CP. Integration of inhibitory and excitatory effects of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation in the prelimbic cortex regulates network activity and plasticity. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Jun;105:618-29. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.02.028. Epub 2016 Feb 24. PubMed PMID: 26921769; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4881417.

13: Vicens P, Heredia L, Torrente M, Domingo JL. Behavioural effects of PNU-282987 and stress in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Psychogeriatrics. 2016 Jan 27. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12189. [Epub ahead of print] PubMed PMID: 26817787.

14: Ma F, Gong F, Lv J, Gao J, Ma J. Effects of a7nAChR agonist on the tissue estrogen receptor expression of castrated rats. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015 Oct 1;8(10):13421-5. eCollection 2015. PubMed PMID: 26722551; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4680496.

15: Miyauchi M, Neugebauer NM, Oyamada Y, Meltzer HY. Nicotinic receptors and lurasidone-mediated reversal of phencyclidine-induced deficit in novel object recognition. Behav Brain Res. 2016 Mar 15;301:204-12. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.10.044. Epub 2015 Oct 28. PubMed PMID: 26519556.

16: Engel O, Akyüz L, da Costa Goncalves AC, Winek K, Dames C, Thielke M, Herold S, Böttcher C, Priller J, Volk HD, Dirnagl U, Meisel C, Meisel A. Cholinergic Pathway Suppresses Pulmonary Innate Immunity Facilitating Pneumonia After Stroke. Stroke. 2015 Nov;46(11):3232-40. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.008989. Epub 2015 Oct 8. PubMed PMID: 26451017.

17: Freitas KC, Carroll FI, Negus SS. Effects of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists in assays of acute pain-stimulated and pain-depressed behaviors in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2015 Nov;355(2):341-50. doi: 10.1124/jpet.115.226803. PubMed PMID: 26359313; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4613961.

18: McLean SL, Grayson B, Marsh S, Zarroug SH, Harte MK, Neill JC. Nicotinic α7 and α4β2 agonists enhance the formation and retrieval of recognition memory: Potential mechanisms for cognitive performance enhancement in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Behav Brain Res. 2016 Apr 1;302:73-80. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2015.08.037. Epub 2015 Aug 30. PubMed PMID: 26327238.

19: Jeong JK, Park SY. Neuroprotective effect of cellular prion protein (PrPC) is related with activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR)-mediated autophagy flux. Oncotarget. 2015 Sep 22;6(28):24660-74. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.4953. PubMed PMID: 26295309; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4694786.

20: Mata D, Linn DM, Linn CL. Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection induced by activation of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuropharmacology. 2015 Dec;99:337-46. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.07.036. Epub 2015 Jul 31. PubMed PMID: 26239818; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4655168.